A History of the Mennonite Brethren Church, Ja Toews

igious problems of the settlements. On his first trip to the Paraguayan Chaco in 1951 , the author was welcomed by the members of the K.f.K. of the Femheim colony. 53. ME, III, 218. 64. Not to be confused with the "Christian and Missionary Alliance" of North America. 55. The author's father, A. A. Toews, was leading minister of this church in Lichtfelde from 1924-26. He always referred to the church as the E.M.B. Church, also in his first volume of Mennonitische Maertyrer (e.g. pp. 186, 198, et a!). 56. J. C. Wenger, Glimpses of Mennonite History and Doctrine (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1947), p. 98. Friesen conducted "alliance" fellowship meetings, however, in his home during the years of his residence in the city of Sevastopol. 57. The main center of the new church was in the village of Lichtfelde, where their meetinghouse was also located . 58. Friesen, op. cit., p. 724. When Jakob Kroeker went to Germany, Jacob G. Thiessen (late of Vancouver, B.C.) was elected in his place. 59. The Evangelical Mennonite Brethren, however, practiced only baptism by immersion. 60. Friesen, op. cit., p. 723 (footnote). 61. Ibid., pp. 724-727. 62. The author was baptized and received into membership of the E.M.B. Church at Namaka, Alberta, in 1929. CHAPTER VIII 1. Friesen, op. cit., p. 413. Cf. Also "Expansion to American Continent," Chapter 6. 2. Epp, Mennonite Exodus, p. 29. The property liquidation laws applied only to persons with German citizenship. FOOTNOTES 447 3. Ibid., p. 28. 4. Among them A. H. Unruh, J. A. Toews, Sr., and others. 6. Peters, Mennonite Life, X:l (January, 1955), 31-36. Peters contends that the Russian experience cannot be used as a decisive precedent in defense of the 1-A-O position — the noncombatant service in the United States army. 6. John B. Toews, in Lost Fatherland (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1967), p. 24, gives an excellent description of the experiences of the Mennonites during the war and after. 7. See "AUgemeiner Mennonitischer Kongress," ME, I, 60-61. 8. John B. Toews (op. cit., p. 26) indicates that some units of the Selbstschutz seem to have existed prior to the German occupation. 9. Ibid., p. 28. 10. Ibid., p. 29. 11. Epp, Mennonite Exodus, p. 36. 12. See A. A. Toews, Mennonitische Maertyrer {2 vols., 1949 and 1954) for a comprehensive list of martyrs of faith and victims of terror. 13. The author vividly remembers this period, when as a young boy he spent days on end in the basement of the house with other members of the family, listening to the artillery bombardment and fighting on the village street. 14. Epp, Mennonite Exodus, p. 37. 15. Toews, Lost Fatherland, p. 38. 16. Hiebert, author-editor, Feeding the Hungry (Scottdale, Pa.: Mennonite Central Committee, 1929). See especially chapter six. 17. The author and other members of his family were also among those who benefited from the AMR feeding kitchens established in the villa