The Great Trek of the Russian Mennonites to Central Asia, 1880-1884, Fred Richard Belk, 1976

gration,” p. 7; CBB (December 15, 1883), p. 189. 6. GB (May, 1884), pp. 44-45; MR (weekly, October 31, 1883), p. 1; GB (November, 1883), p. 86; Schultz, “Autobiography,” pp. 58-59; CBB (December 15, 1883), pp. 189- 190. 7. GB (May, 1884), pp. 44-45; GB (November, 1883), p. 86; GB (April, 1884), p. 28; GB (July, 1884), p. 54; Schultz, “Autobiography,” p. 58; ‘Rubles’ (unpublished MS fragment in MHLA, n.p., n.d.). 8. Klaassen, “‘Asienreise,” p. 44; Jantzen, “My Ancestors,” p. 15; Schultz, “ Auto- biography,’’ p. 60; Jantzen, ““Memories,”’ p. 26. 9. ‘Asien’; GB (May, 1884), p. 39; CBB (December 15, 1883), p. 190; GB (Novem- ber, 1883), p. 86. 10. GB (April, 1884), p. 28. 11. Jantzen, “Memories,” p. 26; Mennonitische Blatter (1884), pp. 64, 69; Smith, Schartner Family History, p. 96; Art Toews; “Translation,” p. 11; Alexander Rempel, “Die Geschichte von Ak Metchet,” Der Bote (November 5, 1947); GB (A 63; Cornelius Krahn, “Ak Metchet,””’ ME, I, pp. 29-30. 12. GB (July, 1884), p. 54; GB (September, 1884), pp. 70-71; Schultz, “ Autobiog- raphy,’’ pp. 60-61. 13. Smith, Schartner Family History, p. 96; Stumpp, HB (1964), p. 15; Toews, “Translation,” pp. 11-12; Kornelson, ‘‘Ak Metchet,” DB (April 7, 1964), p. 10; Krahn, “Ak Metchet,”” ME I, p. 30. 14. ‘“‘Letter from Johann Jantzen” (Plymouth, Jefferson Co., Nebraska, n.d., in MHLA)); Schultz, “Autobiography,” p. 61; Smith, Schartner Family Records, pp. 35- 36; Ruth Graber MS; DB (November 19, 1947). 15. Bartsch, Unser Auszug, pp. 96-97. 16. Ibid., pp. 98-99. 17. ‘Letter dated April 12, 1888, from Ak Metchet to the brothers and sisters” 220 The Great Trek of the Russian Mennonites (in possession of Mr. and Mrs. Ernst Claassen, Whitewater, Kansas); “Letter dated April 18, 1888, from Ak Metchet from Jacob and Suzanna Jantzen’ (in possession of Mr. and Mrs. Ernst Claassen). 18. Schultz, “Autobiography,” p. 61; Ruth Graber MS. 19. ‘‘Undated letter from Central Asia’’ (in possession of Mr. and Mrs. Ernst Claassen, Whitewater, Kansas, n.p.). 20. DB (November 19, 1947), p. 7. 21. Stumpp, HB (1959), p. 18; Janzen, “Colony,” p. 288; Stumpp, HB (1964), p. 15. 22. “Letter to Sister Wiebe from Ak Metchet, July 15, 1855, signed M.R.” (in possession of Mr. and Mrs. Ernst Claassen). 23. Bartsch, Unser Auszug, p. 100. 24. Ibid., pp. 100-101. 25. Ibid. Chapter 15 1. For a fine discussion of the Russian imperial attitude toward Mennonite migra- tion, see L. E. Strakhovsky, “Constitutional Aspects of the Imperial Russian Government Policy Toward National Minorities,’ Journal of Modern History, Vol. XIII, No. 4 (Decem- ber, 1941), pp. 467-492. An excellent article on Western immigrants’ incursion into Cen- tral Asia can be found in Stephen P. Dunn and Ethyl Dunn, “Soviet Regime and Na- tive Culture in Central Asia and Kazakhstan: the Major Peoples,’ Current Anthropology, Vol. VII, No. 3 (June, 1967), pp 147-208. 2. “Beatrice” (tw