A History of the Mennonite Brethren Church, Ja Toews

ode was trine immersion. Op. cit., p. 45. 16. Becker, op. cit., p. 90. 17. Friesen. op. cit., p. 242. 18. Ibid., p. 246. An old brother was admitted to communion by Jacob Reimer in Rudnerweide. 19. Ibid., p. 247. 20. Yearbook (General Conference, 1963), p. 38. 21. Krahn, "Social Attitudes . . ." op. cit., p. 173. 22. The full text of all these reports is given by Becker, op. cit., pp. 97-103. 23. Ibid., p. 98. 24. There appears to be no acceptable English equivalent to the term Froehtiche Richtung. It has been variously translated as the "emotional movement," the "false freedom movement," the "movement of enthusiasts," etc. 25. Friedmann, Mennonite Piety, p. 69. Fried m an n discusses this "awakening" in relation to Pietism. 26. See Friesen, op. cit., pp. 221-236; Unruh, op. cit., pp. 108-134; and Harms, op. cit., pp. 25-32 for further study of the movement. 27. Friesen, op. cit., p. 183. 28. Friesen quotes extensively from the correspondence of Bartel with Johann Claassen and with other brethren. These letters provide a valuable insight into the nature of the Froehliche Richtung. See Friesen, op. cit., pp. 222-224. 29. Smith, op. cit., p. 75. 30. From memoirs of H. Epp, quoted by Friesen, op. cit., p. 280. 31 . Ibid. p. 224. In a letter to Claassen (in Petersburg) Becker describes a meeting that became so noisy that several members could not "endure" it any longer and went to another home. Yet Becker justifies such behavior as proper and scriptural. 32. Unruh, op. cit., p. 111. 33. Galatians 3:28. 34. Through members of the latter group, this issue was transplanted to Kansas in 1876 where it caused serious concern and considerable confusion in some congregations. Harms, op. cit., pp. 74-75. 35. Friesen, op. cit., p. 232. 36. Gerhard Wieler, who had imposed this restriction on the members had himself photographed in Petersburg a few months later. This shows the hypocrisy of these spiritual despots. See Friesen, op. cit., p. 279. 37. The correspondence on this issue is found in Friesen, op. cit., pp. 222-232, and in Unruh, up. cit., pp. 115-116. 38. Cf. Harms, op. cit., p. 30. 39. Friesen, op. cit., pp. 357-360 contains the entire document. 40. Ibid., p. 359. 41. The meetings were held on June 1 and 2, 12 and 13, and 26 and 27 in the villages of Blumstein and Gnadenheim. The minutes of the meetings are known as the Juniprotokoll. 42. See Friesen, op. cit., pp. 362-365 for complete record of these minutes. It is interesting to note, that in the refutation of the movement the brethren stress the finality of the New Testament. 43. Ibid., p. 235. 44. Ibid., p. 371. 45. Ibid., pp. 371-374. 46. 1 Corinthians 10:11. 47. Unruh, op. cit., pp. 130-134. Unruh discusses thirteen specific lessons we have learned from the errors of the Froehliche Richtung. 48. Ibid., p. 131. 444 HISTORY OF THE MENNONITE BRETHREN CHURCH CHAPTER VI 1. Friesen, op. cit., p. 387. 2.