The Great Trek of the Russian Mennonites to Central Asia, 1880-1884, Fred Richard Belk, 1976

nd Khiva, 1865-1924 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1968), pp. 92-93. 38. Wheeler, Soviet Central Asia, pp. 69-72; Vambrey, Western Culture, p. 59. 39. Curzon, Russia in Central Asia, p. 136. 40. See Fred R. Belk, ‘‘Turkestan: Russian Mennonite Promised Land,” Studies in Islam (January-April, 1973), pp. 58-79. Chapter 6 1. Cornelius Krahn, “Forestry Service — A Mennonite Alternative Service in Rus- sia,’ Mennonite Weekly Review (January 12, 1949), p. 7. 2. DB (August, 1879), p. 62. 3. Ibid., p. 63. Notes 907 4. Ibid. 5. ZH (April, 1880), p. 53. 6. Ibid. This appeal No. 3519 dated May 3, 1879, made its way to the Secre- tary of State for Receiving Appeals and then was presented to the Secretary of the In- terior, who ruled that by previous order by the czar (April 8, 1875) the Mennonites had already been privileged. After conferring with the Secretary of War he felt the appeal should not be granted because Turkestan natives would soon be drafted. The czar probably never saw this appeal. 7. Jacob Klaassen, “‘ Asienreise,” pp. 1-2. 8. ZH (April 7, 1880), p. 53. 9. Ibid. 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Jacob Toews, “A Brief Sketch,” p. 12. 13. ZH (September 7, 1880), p. 133. 14. Ibid.; Toews, “Sketch,” p. 14; ZH (April 7, 1880), p. 53; Anna Toews, “Diary” (MS, Aberdeen, Idaho, 1943). Original in possession of Mr. and Mrs. Ernst Claassen, Whitewater, Kansas, p. 8. 15, ZH (September 7, ] 880), pp. 133-134. 16. ZH (April 7, 1880), p. 54; GB (July, 1880), p. 55; Jantzen, ‘“‘Memories,” p. 4; Johannes Bartsch, ed., Geschichte der Gemeinde (Elkhart, Indiana; Mennonite Publish- ing House, 1898), pp. 136-137; Toews, ‘‘Sketch,”” p. 15; ZH (September 7, 1880), p. 133; Klaassen, ‘‘Asienreise,”” pp. 1-2; Jacob Klaassen, ‘‘Memories of a Journey” (40-page MS in MHLA), pp. 1-2; Carl R. Jantzen, “A Brief Sketch of my Ancestors’ (research paper Bethel College, 1952), p. 4. 17. Ibid. 18. ZH (September 7, 1880), pp. 133-134. 19. Ibid., p. 184. They had also received much criticism from their own people concerning the trek to Turkestan because they were using God’s Word to justify it. See Der Mennonitische Friedensbote (October 1, 1881), p. 150. 20. ZH (April 7, 1880), p. 54. 21. Wenger, “Chiliasm,” ME, I, p. 559. 22. ZH (April 7, 1880), pp. 54-55. 23. Ibid. Ideas in this paragraph were in an article entitled “Declaration of the Mennonite Brothers in Russia to go to Turkestan.” This also appeared in a more de- tailed form in GB (September, 1880), pp. 66-68, as: ‘‘Declaration of Special Rights 208 The Great Trek of the Russian Mennonites of Those Mennonite Brothers in Russia Who Desire to Migrate to Turkestan; as ex- plained before high and low, written or verbally, against the other Mennonite com- munites.”’ 24. Ibid. 25. Helen Goertz, Family History of Siebert Goertz and John Harms and Their Descendants (Newton, Kansas: privately published, 1965), pp. 120-121. 26. ZH (S